记得学习非谓语从句专项训练
英语中的非谓语动词是整个英语语法当中非常重要的部分，也是学生学习的一个难点。以下是整理的非谓语从句的几个用法的习题，希望对大家有所帮助
习题
A.作时间状语：
eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
= _______________, they couldn’t help crying.
②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look.
While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer.
③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.
=_____________, he went home.
B.作原因状语：
Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.
=____________, he could not afford to travel abroad.
________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder.
_______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.
________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away.
_____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.
②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost.
_________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.
=_____________.
C.方式/伴随状语;
Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh).
②The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students.
D.作条件状语：
Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.
=______________ , I would have done the job far better.
②(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.
E.作结果状语：(意料中的结果)
Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.
②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.
区别: 不定式表示意外的结果
eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.
F.作让步状语：
Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon.
= _____________, it cleared up very soon.
②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
分词作状语时, 需注意事项:
A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ :
____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.
___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city.
巩固性练习
1. Though ____ of the danger， he still went skating on the thin ice.
A. warning B. to warn C. warn D. warned
2. ____ from this point of view， the question will be of great importance.
A. Considering B. Considered C. Being considered D. Consider
3. ____ and ____， they ran out of the room.
A. Being excited; happily B. Exciting; happy
C. Exciting; happily D. Excited; happy
4. ____ deep down in the earth， the dead forests rotted away and became coal.
A. Buried B. Burying
C. To bury D. Being buried
5. If ____ green， the door might look more beautiful.
A. paint B. painted C. painting D. to paint
6. Eva， ____ in Canada， lived and practiced law in America.
A. was born B. he was born C. although born D. being born
7. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction， ____ completely to the outside world.
A. being lost B. having lost C. losing D. lost
8. Everything ____， it wasn’t a bad holiday.
A. considering B. considered C. to consider D. consider
9. ____ with a difficult situation， Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing
10. When first ____ to the market， these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. beingintroduced
11. ____， the old man is living a happy life.
A. Taking good care B. Taken good care
C. Having taken good care D. Taken good care of
12. He was sitting there， ____ in deep thought.
A. lose B. lost C. loss D. losing
13. We are certain that everything will go well as ____.
A. to be planned B. planned C. being planned D. having been planned
14. ——What’s wrong?
——I want to know why you didn’t do as ____.
A. to be told B. telling C. told D. told to
15. When ____， the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed
16..______ more attention,the trees could have grown better.
A.To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving
17.______ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.To lose B.Lost C.Having lost D.Losing
18.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.
A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering that
C.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have found out
19.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.
A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen
20.______ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ______ then.
A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held
21.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her,only ______ her five children.
A.left;to leave B.leaving;leaving C.leaving;left D.left;leaving
22.______ maps properly,you need a special pen.
A.Drawn B.Drawing C.To draw D.Be drawing
23.Greatly movedd by her words, ______ .
A.tears came to his eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tears
C. tears could hardly be held back D. his eyes were filled with tears.
24.When ______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing.
A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked
25.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.
A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not know
26.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .
A.accepting fully B.being fully accepted C.fully accepting D.fully being accepted
答案
1—5 DBDAB 6—10CDBCB 11—15DBBDA 16—20CBAAA 21—26ABBBAB
拓展：非谓语从句和定语从句
非谓语从句
英语中的非是整个当中非常重要的部分，也是学生学习的一个难点。其实，我们可以从从句的角度来解释非，弄清非谓语动词与从句的关系，这样会使学生对非谓语动词有更好的了解，学习起来更容易。
I. v-ing 形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ing形式作主语可换成that引导的主语从句
Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French. That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.
Her being out of work was unexpected. That she was out of work was unexpected.
2. v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成that引导的宾语从句
I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that I have paid him for his work.
He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.
3. v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导的表语从句
Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that you depend too much on him.
The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.
4. v-ing形式作定语可换成that, who, which引导的定语从句
We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which faces south.
The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.
5. v-ing形式作状语可换成相应状语从句
On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.
While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句，也可和with结构转换。
He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) left his daughter much money.
He died, with his daughter much money.
II. V-ed形式与从句之间的转换
1. v-ed形式作定语可换成定语从句
The question discussed yesterday is very important. The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.
The boy lost in thought is my brother. The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.
2. v-ed形式作宾补可换成宾语从句
I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen. I found (that) the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.
3. v-ed形式作状语可换成状语从句
(If) heated, water will turn into steam. If it is heated, water will turn into steam.
Don't speak until spoken to. Don't speak until you are spoken to.
III. to do形式与从句的转换
1. to do形式作主语可转换成主语从句
When and where (for us) to hold the meeting is unknown yet. When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown yet.
They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire. It seemed that they were eating something cooked on the fire.
2. to do形式作宾语或宾补可换成宾语从句
I don't know what to do with the matter. I don't know that I should do with the matter.
I warned him not to drive the car after drinking. I warned that he should not drive the car after drinking.
3. to do形式作表语可换成表语从句
My wish is to become a pilot after graduation. My wish is that I can become a pilot after graduation.
My only worry was for her not to have enough experience in it. My only worry was that she have enough experience in it.
4. to do形式作定语可换成定语从句
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance. The meeting that / which will be held is of great importance.
He was the first to arrive and the last to leave. He was the first that arrived and the last that left.
5. to do形式作目的、结果、原因状语可转换成相应的状语从句
They started off early in order / so as to arrive in time. They started off early in order / so that they could arrive in time.
She was so excited as not to go to sleep. She was too excited to go to sleep.
She was so excited that she couldn't go to sleep.
定语从句
关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom,that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3）which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的.繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语）
关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。
1）when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例 如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
2）that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句，在非正式文体中that常被省略（正式文体中不可省略），例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要 求用关系代词。例如：
（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系 副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选 择关系副词。
例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
（对）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
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